If you’ve noticed your dog experiencing diarrhea and loose stools, it’s understandable to feel concerned.
Dog diarrhea and loose stools can occur for various reasons, from simple dietary changes to serious medical conditions.
We outline why dog diarrhea and loose stools happen, the causes, how to recognize the signs, and when to seek veterinary help. You’ll have a better understanding of this common issue and how to care for your dog in such situations.
Table of Contents
What Is Dog Diarrhea and Loose Stools?
Diarrhea in dogs is characterized by watery, loose stools that are passed more frequently than normal. While occasional diarrhea in dogs may not be alarming, frequent episodes can lead to dehydration and indicate an underlying health issue. Loose stools, while similar to diarrhea, are not as watery but still signify a disruption in your dog’s digestive system.
Common Causes of Dog Diarrhea and Loose Stools
Dietary Indiscretion
One of the most common causes of dog diarrhea and loose stools is dietary indiscretion.
This refers to your dog eating something they shouldn’t, like spoiled food, human snacks, or even non-food items.
Dogs are naturally curious and may ingest something that upsets their gastrointestinal system.
If your dog’s diarrhea and loose stools follow a recent indulgence in “off-limits” foods, it may be the result of dietary indiscretion.
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Sudden Change in Diet
If you’ve recently switched your dog’s food, whether it’s a new brand, flavor, or type, this can cause digestive upset.
Dogs’ stomachs take time to adjust to new foods.
A sudden change may lead to diarrhea, loose stools, or an upset stomach.
Gradually transitioning to a new diet over several days or weeks can help prevent this issue.
3.Food Sensitivities and Allergies
Dogs can develop sensitivities or allergies to certain ingredients in their food, such as grains, chicken, beef, or artificial additives.
When a dog’s digestive system reacts poorly to a specific food, it can result in diarrhea and loose stools.
If you suspect food allergies or sensitivities are the culprit, consult your veterinarian for guidance on managing your dog’s diet.
Gastrointestinal Infections
Infections caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites are common triggers of dog diarrhea and loose stools.
Common gastrointestinal infections include Salmonella, E. coli, and parvovirus, as well as parasitic infections from roundworms, hookworms, and Giardia.
These infections cause inflammation in the gut, leading to diarrhea, and sometimes vomiting, lethargy, and loss of appetite.
If your dog has been exposed to other animals or has recently been outside, they may have contracted an infection that’s affecting their digestive system.
Stress
Just like humans, dogs can experience stress, which can lead to gastrointestinal issues.
Stressful situations such as traveling, being left alone, new routines, or changes in the household can cause a dog’s digestive system to react with diarrhea and loose stools.
Stress-related diarrhea is usually temporary and resolves once the stressor is removed, but it’s important to address the root cause of the stress to prevent further digestive upset.
- Medications and Antibiotics
Certain medications, including antibiotics, can disrupt the balance of bacteria in your dog’s digestive tract, leading to diarrhea and loose stools.
Antibiotics, in particular, kill both good and bad bacteria, which can cause gastrointestinal issues.
If your dog is on medication and develops diarrhea, it’s worth checking with your vet to see if the medication could be the cause.
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- Intestinal Parasites
Intestinal parasites like worms (roundworms, tapeworms, and hookworms) and protozoa (Giardia) are common causes of diarrhea and loose stools in dogs.
These parasites live in the intestines and can interfere with the normal digestion and absorption of food, leading to diarrhea.
Dogs that are not on regular deworming schedules or have been exposed to contaminated environments are at higher risk of developing parasitic infections.
Toxins and Poisoning
Dogs are naturally curious and may ingest toxic substances around the house or outside, including household cleaners, plants, or spoiled food.
Toxins can cause gastrointestinal distress, resulting in symptoms like diarrhea and loose stools.
In severe cases, poisoning may also lead to vomiting, lethargy, and other serious symptoms.
If you suspect your dog has ingested something toxic, seek immediate veterinary attention.
Chronic Conditions
In some cases, chronic conditions such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), pancreatitis, or gastrointestinal cancer can lead to ongoing diarrhea and loose stools.
These conditions may cause inflammation or abnormal functioning of the digestive system, making it difficult for your dog to properly process food.
Chronic diarrhea often requires long-term management and veterinary care.
Overeating or Eating Too Quickly
Dogs that eat too much or consume their food too quickly can experience digestive upset.
This can lead to bloating, discomfort, and ultimately, diarrhea and loose stools.
Using a slow feeder bowl can help prevent this issue by encouraging your dog to eat more slowly and in smaller portions.
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How Dog Diarrhea and Loose Stools Affect Your Dog
When your dog experiences diarrhea and loose stools, their body loses important fluids and electrolytes, which can lead to dehydration.
Dehydration can cause additional symptoms such as dry gums, sunken eyes, lethargy, and loss of skin elasticity.
This makes it essential to keep your dog hydrated while they recover from diarrhea.
Always ensure they have access to fresh water and consider offering an electrolyte solution to replenish lost fluids.
When Should You Seek Veterinary Help?
While occasional diarrhea and loose stools may resolve on their own, there are certain situations where it’s important to seek veterinary care immediately.
Here are some signs that indicate you should consult a veterinarian:
- Blood in the stool: If you notice blood in your dog’s stool, it could be a sign of a more serious issue, such as an intestinal infection, parasitic infection, or gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Severe or prolonged diarrhea: If diarrhea lasts more than a day or is particularly severe, it’s time to seek help. Prolonged diarrhea can lead to dehydration, malnutrition, and other complications.
- Vomiting and diarrhea together: If your dog is vomiting alongside diarrhea, it can quickly lead to dehydration, and immediate veterinary care is necessary.
- Lethargy and loss of appetite: If your dog is acting lethargic, refusing to eat, or showing signs of discomfort, this could indicate a more serious health issue.
- Signs of dehydration: If your dog shows signs of dehydration, such as dry gums, sunken eyes, or excessive panting, you should seek veterinary care immediately.
How to Care for Your Dog with Diarrhea and Loose Stools
If your dog is experiencing mild diarrhea or loose stools, you can try the following measures at home:
- Fasting: Withhold food for 12–24 hours (for adult dogs only) to give your dog’s digestive system a chance to rest and recover. However, ensure they have access to fresh water to prevent dehydration.
- Bland Diet: After the fasting period, you can feed your dog a bland diet, such as boiled chicken (no skin or bones) and white rice. This can help soothe their stomach and ease the symptoms.
- Hydration: Ensure your dog is drinking enough water to prevent dehydration. If your dog is refusing water, you can try offering ice chips or an electrolyte solution designed for pets.
Key Takeaway: Diarrhea and Loose Stools in Dogs
Dog diarrhea and loose stools are common issues that can arise for many reasons, from dietary indiscretion to infections or stress.
While occasional bouts are normal, frequent or severe diarrhea, especially when accompanied by other symptoms, should not be ignored.
It’s important to identify the underlying cause of your dog’s condition and seek veterinary care if needed.
By providing appropriate care and hydration, you can help your dog recover and return to their healthy, happy self.
Always consult your veterinarian for guidance and if symptoms persist.